1321 lines
44 KiB
Python
1321 lines
44 KiB
Python
# orm/util.py
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# Copyright (C) 2005-2019 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
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# <see AUTHORS file>
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#
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# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
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# the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
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import re
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import types
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from . import attributes # noqa
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from .base import _class_to_mapper # noqa
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from .base import _never_set # noqa
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from .base import _none_set # noqa
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from .base import attribute_str # noqa
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from .base import class_mapper # noqa
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from .base import InspectionAttr # noqa
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from .base import instance_str # noqa
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from .base import object_mapper # noqa
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from .base import object_state # noqa
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from .base import state_attribute_str # noqa
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from .base import state_class_str # noqa
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from .base import state_str # noqa
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from .interfaces import MapperProperty # noqa
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from .interfaces import PropComparator # noqa
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from .path_registry import PathRegistry # noqa
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from .. import event
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from .. import exc as sa_exc
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from .. import inspection
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from .. import sql
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from .. import util
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from ..sql import expression
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from ..sql import util as sql_util
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all_cascades = frozenset(
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(
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"delete",
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"delete-orphan",
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"all",
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"merge",
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"expunge",
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"save-update",
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"refresh-expire",
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"none",
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)
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)
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class CascadeOptions(frozenset):
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"""Keeps track of the options sent to relationship().cascade"""
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_add_w_all_cascades = all_cascades.difference(
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["all", "none", "delete-orphan"]
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)
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_allowed_cascades = all_cascades
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__slots__ = (
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"save_update",
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"delete",
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"refresh_expire",
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"merge",
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"expunge",
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"delete_orphan",
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)
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def __new__(cls, value_list):
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if isinstance(value_list, util.string_types) or value_list is None:
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return cls.from_string(value_list)
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values = set(value_list)
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if values.difference(cls._allowed_cascades):
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raise sa_exc.ArgumentError(
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"Invalid cascade option(s): %s"
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% ", ".join(
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[
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repr(x)
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for x in sorted(
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values.difference(cls._allowed_cascades)
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)
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]
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)
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)
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if "all" in values:
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values.update(cls._add_w_all_cascades)
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if "none" in values:
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values.clear()
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values.discard("all")
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self = frozenset.__new__(CascadeOptions, values)
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self.save_update = "save-update" in values
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self.delete = "delete" in values
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self.refresh_expire = "refresh-expire" in values
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self.merge = "merge" in values
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self.expunge = "expunge" in values
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self.delete_orphan = "delete-orphan" in values
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if self.delete_orphan and not self.delete:
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util.warn(
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"The 'delete-orphan' cascade " "option requires 'delete'."
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)
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return self
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def __repr__(self):
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return "CascadeOptions(%r)" % (",".join([x for x in sorted(self)]))
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@classmethod
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def from_string(cls, arg):
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values = [c for c in re.split(r"\s*,\s*", arg or "") if c]
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return cls(values)
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def _validator_events(desc, key, validator, include_removes, include_backrefs):
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"""Runs a validation method on an attribute value to be set or
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appended.
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"""
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if not include_backrefs:
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def detect_is_backref(state, initiator):
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impl = state.manager[key].impl
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return initiator.impl is not impl
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if include_removes:
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def append(state, value, initiator):
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if initiator.op is not attributes.OP_BULK_REPLACE and (
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include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator)
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):
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return validator(state.obj(), key, value, False)
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else:
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return value
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def bulk_set(state, values, initiator):
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if include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator):
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obj = state.obj()
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values[:] = [
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validator(obj, key, value, False) for value in values
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]
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def set_(state, value, oldvalue, initiator):
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if include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator):
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return validator(state.obj(), key, value, False)
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else:
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return value
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def remove(state, value, initiator):
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if include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator):
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validator(state.obj(), key, value, True)
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else:
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def append(state, value, initiator):
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if initiator.op is not attributes.OP_BULK_REPLACE and (
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include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator)
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):
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return validator(state.obj(), key, value)
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else:
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return value
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def bulk_set(state, values, initiator):
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if include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator):
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obj = state.obj()
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values[:] = [validator(obj, key, value) for value in values]
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def set_(state, value, oldvalue, initiator):
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if include_backrefs or not detect_is_backref(state, initiator):
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return validator(state.obj(), key, value)
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else:
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return value
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event.listen(desc, "append", append, raw=True, retval=True)
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event.listen(desc, "bulk_replace", bulk_set, raw=True)
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event.listen(desc, "set", set_, raw=True, retval=True)
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if include_removes:
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event.listen(desc, "remove", remove, raw=True, retval=True)
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def polymorphic_union(
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table_map, typecolname, aliasname="p_union", cast_nulls=True
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):
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"""Create a ``UNION`` statement used by a polymorphic mapper.
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See :ref:`concrete_inheritance` for an example of how
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this is used.
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:param table_map: mapping of polymorphic identities to
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:class:`.Table` objects.
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:param typecolname: string name of a "discriminator" column, which will be
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derived from the query, producing the polymorphic identity for
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each row. If ``None``, no polymorphic discriminator is generated.
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:param aliasname: name of the :func:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.alias()`
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construct generated.
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:param cast_nulls: if True, non-existent columns, which are represented
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as labeled NULLs, will be passed into CAST. This is a legacy behavior
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that is problematic on some backends such as Oracle - in which case it
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can be set to False.
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"""
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colnames = util.OrderedSet()
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colnamemaps = {}
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types = {}
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for key in table_map:
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table = table_map[key]
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# mysql doesn't like selecting from a select;
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# make it an alias of the select
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if isinstance(table, sql.Select):
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table = table.alias()
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table_map[key] = table
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m = {}
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for c in table.c:
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colnames.add(c.key)
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m[c.key] = c
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types[c.key] = c.type
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colnamemaps[table] = m
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def col(name, table):
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try:
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return colnamemaps[table][name]
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except KeyError:
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if cast_nulls:
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return sql.cast(sql.null(), types[name]).label(name)
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else:
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return sql.type_coerce(sql.null(), types[name]).label(name)
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result = []
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for type_, table in table_map.items():
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if typecolname is not None:
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result.append(
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sql.select(
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[col(name, table) for name in colnames]
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+ [
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sql.literal_column(
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sql_util._quote_ddl_expr(type_)
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).label(typecolname)
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],
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from_obj=[table],
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)
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)
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else:
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result.append(
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sql.select(
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[col(name, table) for name in colnames], from_obj=[table]
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)
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)
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return sql.union_all(*result).alias(aliasname)
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def identity_key(*args, **kwargs):
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"""Generate "identity key" tuples, as are used as keys in the
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:attr:`.Session.identity_map` dictionary.
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This function has several call styles:
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* ``identity_key(class, ident, identity_token=token)``
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This form receives a mapped class and a primary key scalar or
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tuple as an argument.
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E.g.::
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>>> identity_key(MyClass, (1, 2))
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(<class '__main__.MyClass'>, (1, 2), None)
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:param class: mapped class (must be a positional argument)
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:param ident: primary key, may be a scalar or tuple argument.
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:param identity_token: optional identity token
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.. versionadded:: 1.2 added identity_token
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* ``identity_key(instance=instance)``
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This form will produce the identity key for a given instance. The
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instance need not be persistent, only that its primary key attributes
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are populated (else the key will contain ``None`` for those missing
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values).
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E.g.::
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>>> instance = MyClass(1, 2)
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>>> identity_key(instance=instance)
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(<class '__main__.MyClass'>, (1, 2), None)
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In this form, the given instance is ultimately run though
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:meth:`.Mapper.identity_key_from_instance`, which will have the
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effect of performing a database check for the corresponding row
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if the object is expired.
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:param instance: object instance (must be given as a keyword arg)
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* ``identity_key(class, row=row, identity_token=token)``
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This form is similar to the class/tuple form, except is passed a
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database result row as a :class:`.RowProxy` object.
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E.g.::
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>>> row = engine.execute("select * from table where a=1 and b=2").\
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first()
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>>> identity_key(MyClass, row=row)
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(<class '__main__.MyClass'>, (1, 2), None)
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:param class: mapped class (must be a positional argument)
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:param row: :class:`.RowProxy` row returned by a :class:`.ResultProxy`
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(must be given as a keyword arg)
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:param identity_token: optional identity token
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.. versionadded:: 1.2 added identity_token
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"""
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if args:
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row = None
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largs = len(args)
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if largs == 1:
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class_ = args[0]
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try:
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row = kwargs.pop("row")
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except KeyError:
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ident = kwargs.pop("ident")
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elif largs in (2, 3):
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class_, ident = args
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else:
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raise sa_exc.ArgumentError(
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"expected up to three positional arguments, " "got %s" % largs
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)
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identity_token = kwargs.pop("identity_token", None)
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if kwargs:
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raise sa_exc.ArgumentError(
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"unknown keyword arguments: %s" % ", ".join(kwargs)
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)
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mapper = class_mapper(class_)
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if row is None:
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return mapper.identity_key_from_primary_key(
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util.to_list(ident), identity_token=identity_token
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)
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else:
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return mapper.identity_key_from_row(
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row, identity_token=identity_token
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)
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else:
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instance = kwargs.pop("instance")
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if kwargs:
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raise sa_exc.ArgumentError(
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"unknown keyword arguments: %s" % ", ".join(kwargs.keys)
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)
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mapper = object_mapper(instance)
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return mapper.identity_key_from_instance(instance)
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class ORMAdapter(sql_util.ColumnAdapter):
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"""ColumnAdapter subclass which excludes adaptation of entities from
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non-matching mappers.
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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entity,
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equivalents=None,
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adapt_required=False,
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allow_label_resolve=True,
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anonymize_labels=False,
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):
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info = inspection.inspect(entity)
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self.mapper = info.mapper
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selectable = info.selectable
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is_aliased_class = info.is_aliased_class
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if is_aliased_class:
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self.aliased_class = entity
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else:
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self.aliased_class = None
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sql_util.ColumnAdapter.__init__(
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self,
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selectable,
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equivalents,
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adapt_required=adapt_required,
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allow_label_resolve=allow_label_resolve,
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anonymize_labels=anonymize_labels,
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include_fn=self._include_fn,
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)
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def _include_fn(self, elem):
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entity = elem._annotations.get("parentmapper", None)
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return not entity or entity.isa(self.mapper)
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class AliasedClass(object):
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r"""Represents an "aliased" form of a mapped class for usage with Query.
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The ORM equivalent of a :func:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.alias`
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construct, this object mimics the mapped class using a
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``__getattr__`` scheme and maintains a reference to a
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real :class:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.Alias` object.
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A primary purpose of :class:`.AliasedClass` is to serve as an alternate
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within a SQL statement generated by the ORM, such that an existing
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mapped entity can be used in multiple contexts. A simple example::
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# find all pairs of users with the same name
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user_alias = aliased(User)
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session.query(User, user_alias).\
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join((user_alias, User.id > user_alias.id)).\
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filter(User.name == user_alias.name)
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:class:`.AliasedClass` is also capable of mapping an existing mapped
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class to an entirely new selectable, provided this selectable is column-
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compatible with the existing mapped selectable, and it can also be
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configured in a mapping as the target of a :func:`.relationship`.
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See the links below for examples.
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The :class:`.AliasedClass` object is constructed typically using the
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:func:`.orm.aliased` function. It also is produced with additional
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configuration when using the :func:`.orm.with_polymorphic` function.
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The resulting object is an instance of :class:`.AliasedClass`.
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This object implements an attribute scheme which produces the
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same attribute and method interface as the original mapped
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class, allowing :class:`.AliasedClass` to be compatible
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with any attribute technique which works on the original class,
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including hybrid attributes (see :ref:`hybrids_toplevel`).
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The :class:`.AliasedClass` can be inspected for its underlying
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:class:`.Mapper`, aliased selectable, and other information
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using :func:`.inspect`::
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from sqlalchemy import inspect
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my_alias = aliased(MyClass)
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insp = inspect(my_alias)
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The resulting inspection object is an instance of :class:`.AliasedInsp`.
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.. seealso::
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:func:`.aliased`
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:func:`.with_polymorphic`
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:ref:`relationship_aliased_class`
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:ref:`relationship_to_window_function`
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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cls,
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alias=None,
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name=None,
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flat=False,
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adapt_on_names=False,
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# TODO: None for default here?
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with_polymorphic_mappers=(),
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with_polymorphic_discriminator=None,
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base_alias=None,
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use_mapper_path=False,
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represents_outer_join=False,
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):
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mapper = _class_to_mapper(cls)
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if alias is None:
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alias = mapper._with_polymorphic_selectable.alias(
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name=name, flat=flat
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)
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self._aliased_insp = AliasedInsp(
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self,
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mapper,
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alias,
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name,
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with_polymorphic_mappers
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if with_polymorphic_mappers
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else mapper.with_polymorphic_mappers,
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with_polymorphic_discriminator
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if with_polymorphic_discriminator is not None
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else mapper.polymorphic_on,
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base_alias,
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use_mapper_path,
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adapt_on_names,
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represents_outer_join,
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)
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self.__name__ = "AliasedClass_%s" % mapper.class_.__name__
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def __getattr__(self, key):
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try:
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_aliased_insp = self.__dict__["_aliased_insp"]
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except KeyError:
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raise AttributeError()
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else:
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target = _aliased_insp._target
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# maintain all getattr mechanics
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attr = getattr(target, key)
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# attribute is a method, that will be invoked against a
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# "self"; so just return a new method with the same function and
|
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# new self
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if hasattr(attr, "__call__") and hasattr(attr, "__self__"):
|
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return types.MethodType(attr.__func__, self)
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# attribute is a descriptor, that will be invoked against a
|
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# "self"; so invoke the descriptor against this self
|
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if hasattr(attr, "__get__"):
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attr = attr.__get__(None, self)
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# attributes within the QueryableAttribute system will want this
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# to be invoked so the object can be adapted
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if hasattr(attr, "adapt_to_entity"):
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attr = attr.adapt_to_entity(_aliased_insp)
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setattr(self, key, attr)
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return attr
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|
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def __repr__(self):
|
|
return "<AliasedClass at 0x%x; %s>" % (
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id(self),
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self._aliased_insp._target.__name__,
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)
|
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|
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def __str__(self):
|
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return str(self._aliased_insp)
|
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|
|
|
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class AliasedInsp(InspectionAttr):
|
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"""Provide an inspection interface for an
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:class:`.AliasedClass` object.
|
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|
|
The :class:`.AliasedInsp` object is returned
|
|
given an :class:`.AliasedClass` using the
|
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:func:`.inspect` function::
|
|
|
|
from sqlalchemy import inspect
|
|
from sqlalchemy.orm import aliased
|
|
|
|
my_alias = aliased(MyMappedClass)
|
|
insp = inspect(my_alias)
|
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|
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Attributes on :class:`.AliasedInsp`
|
|
include:
|
|
|
|
* ``entity`` - the :class:`.AliasedClass` represented.
|
|
* ``mapper`` - the :class:`.Mapper` mapping the underlying class.
|
|
* ``selectable`` - the :class:`.Alias` construct which ultimately
|
|
represents an aliased :class:`.Table` or :class:`.Select`
|
|
construct.
|
|
* ``name`` - the name of the alias. Also is used as the attribute
|
|
name when returned in a result tuple from :class:`.Query`.
|
|
* ``with_polymorphic_mappers`` - collection of :class:`.Mapper` objects
|
|
indicating all those mappers expressed in the select construct
|
|
for the :class:`.AliasedClass`.
|
|
* ``polymorphic_on`` - an alternate column or SQL expression which
|
|
will be used as the "discriminator" for a polymorphic load.
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
:ref:`inspection_toplevel`
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(
|
|
self,
|
|
entity,
|
|
mapper,
|
|
selectable,
|
|
name,
|
|
with_polymorphic_mappers,
|
|
polymorphic_on,
|
|
_base_alias,
|
|
_use_mapper_path,
|
|
adapt_on_names,
|
|
represents_outer_join,
|
|
):
|
|
self.entity = entity
|
|
self.mapper = mapper
|
|
self.selectable = (
|
|
self.persist_selectable
|
|
) = self.local_table = selectable
|
|
self.name = name
|
|
self.polymorphic_on = polymorphic_on
|
|
self._base_alias = _base_alias or self
|
|
self._use_mapper_path = _use_mapper_path
|
|
self.represents_outer_join = represents_outer_join
|
|
|
|
if with_polymorphic_mappers:
|
|
self._is_with_polymorphic = True
|
|
self.with_polymorphic_mappers = with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
self._with_polymorphic_entities = []
|
|
for poly in self.with_polymorphic_mappers:
|
|
if poly is not mapper:
|
|
ent = AliasedClass(
|
|
poly.class_,
|
|
selectable,
|
|
base_alias=self,
|
|
adapt_on_names=adapt_on_names,
|
|
use_mapper_path=_use_mapper_path,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
setattr(self.entity, poly.class_.__name__, ent)
|
|
self._with_polymorphic_entities.append(ent._aliased_insp)
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
self._is_with_polymorphic = False
|
|
self.with_polymorphic_mappers = [mapper]
|
|
|
|
self._adapter = sql_util.ColumnAdapter(
|
|
selectable,
|
|
equivalents=mapper._equivalent_columns,
|
|
adapt_on_names=adapt_on_names,
|
|
anonymize_labels=True,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
self._adapt_on_names = adapt_on_names
|
|
self._target = mapper.class_
|
|
|
|
is_aliased_class = True
|
|
"always returns True"
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def class_(self):
|
|
"""Return the mapped class ultimately represented by this
|
|
:class:`.AliasedInsp`."""
|
|
return self.mapper.class_
|
|
|
|
@util.memoized_property
|
|
def _path_registry(self):
|
|
if self._use_mapper_path:
|
|
return self.mapper._path_registry
|
|
else:
|
|
return PathRegistry.per_mapper(self)
|
|
|
|
def __getstate__(self):
|
|
return {
|
|
"entity": self.entity,
|
|
"mapper": self.mapper,
|
|
"alias": self.selectable,
|
|
"name": self.name,
|
|
"adapt_on_names": self._adapt_on_names,
|
|
"with_polymorphic_mappers": self.with_polymorphic_mappers,
|
|
"with_polymorphic_discriminator": self.polymorphic_on,
|
|
"base_alias": self._base_alias,
|
|
"use_mapper_path": self._use_mapper_path,
|
|
"represents_outer_join": self.represents_outer_join,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
def __setstate__(self, state):
|
|
self.__init__(
|
|
state["entity"],
|
|
state["mapper"],
|
|
state["alias"],
|
|
state["name"],
|
|
state["with_polymorphic_mappers"],
|
|
state["with_polymorphic_discriminator"],
|
|
state["base_alias"],
|
|
state["use_mapper_path"],
|
|
state["adapt_on_names"],
|
|
state["represents_outer_join"],
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def _adapt_element(self, elem):
|
|
return self._adapter.traverse(elem)._annotate(
|
|
{"parententity": self, "parentmapper": self.mapper}
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def _entity_for_mapper(self, mapper):
|
|
self_poly = self.with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
if mapper in self_poly:
|
|
if mapper is self.mapper:
|
|
return self
|
|
else:
|
|
return getattr(
|
|
self.entity, mapper.class_.__name__
|
|
)._aliased_insp
|
|
elif mapper.isa(self.mapper):
|
|
return self
|
|
else:
|
|
assert False, "mapper %s doesn't correspond to %s" % (mapper, self)
|
|
|
|
@util.memoized_property
|
|
def _get_clause(self):
|
|
onclause, replacemap = self.mapper._get_clause
|
|
return (
|
|
self._adapter.traverse(onclause),
|
|
{
|
|
self._adapter.traverse(col): param
|
|
for col, param in replacemap.items()
|
|
},
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
@util.memoized_property
|
|
def _memoized_values(self):
|
|
return {}
|
|
|
|
def _memo(self, key, callable_, *args, **kw):
|
|
if key in self._memoized_values:
|
|
return self._memoized_values[key]
|
|
else:
|
|
self._memoized_values[key] = value = callable_(*args, **kw)
|
|
return value
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
if self.with_polymorphic_mappers:
|
|
with_poly = "(%s)" % ", ".join(
|
|
mp.class_.__name__ for mp in self.with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
)
|
|
else:
|
|
with_poly = ""
|
|
return "<AliasedInsp at 0x%x; %s%s>" % (
|
|
id(self),
|
|
self.class_.__name__,
|
|
with_poly,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def __str__(self):
|
|
if self._is_with_polymorphic:
|
|
return "with_polymorphic(%s, [%s])" % (
|
|
self._target.__name__,
|
|
", ".join(
|
|
mp.class_.__name__
|
|
for mp in self.with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
if mp is not self.mapper
|
|
),
|
|
)
|
|
else:
|
|
return "aliased(%s)" % (self._target.__name__,)
|
|
|
|
|
|
inspection._inspects(AliasedClass)(lambda target: target._aliased_insp)
|
|
inspection._inspects(AliasedInsp)(lambda target: target)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def aliased(element, alias=None, name=None, flat=False, adapt_on_names=False):
|
|
"""Produce an alias of the given element, usually an :class:`.AliasedClass`
|
|
instance.
|
|
|
|
E.g.::
|
|
|
|
my_alias = aliased(MyClass)
|
|
|
|
session.query(MyClass, my_alias).filter(MyClass.id > my_alias.id)
|
|
|
|
The :func:`.aliased` function is used to create an ad-hoc mapping
|
|
of a mapped class to a new selectable. By default, a selectable
|
|
is generated from the normally mapped selectable (typically a
|
|
:class:`.Table`) using the :meth:`.FromClause.alias` method.
|
|
However, :func:`.aliased` can also be used to link the class to
|
|
a new :func:`.select` statement. Also, the :func:`.with_polymorphic`
|
|
function is a variant of :func:`.aliased` that is intended to specify
|
|
a so-called "polymorphic selectable", that corresponds to the union
|
|
of several joined-inheritance subclasses at once.
|
|
|
|
For convenience, the :func:`.aliased` function also accepts plain
|
|
:class:`.FromClause` constructs, such as a :class:`.Table` or
|
|
:func:`.select` construct. In those cases, the :meth:`.FromClause.alias`
|
|
method is called on the object and the new :class:`.Alias` object
|
|
returned. The returned :class:`.Alias` is not ORM-mapped in this case.
|
|
|
|
:param element: element to be aliased. Is normally a mapped class,
|
|
but for convenience can also be a :class:`.FromClause` element.
|
|
|
|
:param alias: Optional selectable unit to map the element to. This should
|
|
normally be a :class:`.Alias` object corresponding to the :class:`.Table`
|
|
to which the class is mapped, or to a :func:`.select` construct that
|
|
is compatible with the mapping. By default, a simple anonymous
|
|
alias of the mapped table is generated.
|
|
|
|
:param name: optional string name to use for the alias, if not specified
|
|
by the ``alias`` parameter. The name, among other things, forms the
|
|
attribute name that will be accessible via tuples returned by a
|
|
:class:`.Query` object.
|
|
|
|
:param flat: Boolean, will be passed through to the
|
|
:meth:`.FromClause.alias` call so that aliases of :class:`.Join` objects
|
|
don't include an enclosing SELECT. This can lead to more efficient
|
|
queries in many circumstances. A JOIN against a nested JOIN will be
|
|
rewritten as a JOIN against an aliased SELECT subquery on backends that
|
|
don't support this syntax.
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 0.9.0
|
|
|
|
.. seealso:: :meth:`.Join.alias`
|
|
|
|
:param adapt_on_names: if True, more liberal "matching" will be used when
|
|
mapping the mapped columns of the ORM entity to those of the
|
|
given selectable - a name-based match will be performed if the
|
|
given selectable doesn't otherwise have a column that corresponds
|
|
to one on the entity. The use case for this is when associating
|
|
an entity with some derived selectable such as one that uses
|
|
aggregate functions::
|
|
|
|
class UnitPrice(Base):
|
|
__tablename__ = 'unit_price'
|
|
...
|
|
unit_id = Column(Integer)
|
|
price = Column(Numeric)
|
|
|
|
aggregated_unit_price = Session.query(
|
|
func.sum(UnitPrice.price).label('price')
|
|
).group_by(UnitPrice.unit_id).subquery()
|
|
|
|
aggregated_unit_price = aliased(UnitPrice,
|
|
alias=aggregated_unit_price, adapt_on_names=True)
|
|
|
|
Above, functions on ``aggregated_unit_price`` which refer to
|
|
``.price`` will return the
|
|
``func.sum(UnitPrice.price).label('price')`` column, as it is
|
|
matched on the name "price". Ordinarily, the "price" function
|
|
wouldn't have any "column correspondence" to the actual
|
|
``UnitPrice.price`` column as it is not a proxy of the original.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if isinstance(element, expression.FromClause):
|
|
if adapt_on_names:
|
|
raise sa_exc.ArgumentError(
|
|
"adapt_on_names only applies to ORM elements"
|
|
)
|
|
return element.alias(name, flat=flat)
|
|
else:
|
|
return AliasedClass(
|
|
element,
|
|
alias=alias,
|
|
flat=flat,
|
|
name=name,
|
|
adapt_on_names=adapt_on_names,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def with_polymorphic(
|
|
base,
|
|
classes,
|
|
selectable=False,
|
|
flat=False,
|
|
polymorphic_on=None,
|
|
aliased=False,
|
|
innerjoin=False,
|
|
_use_mapper_path=False,
|
|
_existing_alias=None,
|
|
):
|
|
"""Produce an :class:`.AliasedClass` construct which specifies
|
|
columns for descendant mappers of the given base.
|
|
|
|
Using this method will ensure that each descendant mapper's
|
|
tables are included in the FROM clause, and will allow filter()
|
|
criterion to be used against those tables. The resulting
|
|
instances will also have those columns already loaded so that
|
|
no "post fetch" of those columns will be required.
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
:ref:`with_polymorphic` - full discussion of
|
|
:func:`.orm.with_polymorphic`.
|
|
|
|
:param base: Base class to be aliased.
|
|
|
|
:param classes: a single class or mapper, or list of
|
|
class/mappers, which inherit from the base class.
|
|
Alternatively, it may also be the string ``'*'``, in which case
|
|
all descending mapped classes will be added to the FROM clause.
|
|
|
|
:param aliased: when True, the selectable will be wrapped in an
|
|
alias, that is ``(SELECT * FROM <fromclauses>) AS anon_1``.
|
|
This can be important when using the with_polymorphic()
|
|
to create the target of a JOIN on a backend that does not
|
|
support parenthesized joins, such as SQLite and older
|
|
versions of MySQL. However if the
|
|
:paramref:`.with_polymorphic.selectable` parameter is in use
|
|
with an existing :class:`.Alias` construct, then you should not
|
|
set this flag.
|
|
|
|
:param flat: Boolean, will be passed through to the
|
|
:meth:`.FromClause.alias` call so that aliases of :class:`.Join`
|
|
objects don't include an enclosing SELECT. This can lead to more
|
|
efficient queries in many circumstances. A JOIN against a nested JOIN
|
|
will be rewritten as a JOIN against an aliased SELECT subquery on
|
|
backends that don't support this syntax.
|
|
|
|
Setting ``flat`` to ``True`` implies the ``aliased`` flag is
|
|
also ``True``.
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 0.9.0
|
|
|
|
.. seealso:: :meth:`.Join.alias`
|
|
|
|
:param selectable: a table or select() statement that will
|
|
be used in place of the generated FROM clause. This argument is
|
|
required if any of the desired classes use concrete table
|
|
inheritance, since SQLAlchemy currently cannot generate UNIONs
|
|
among tables automatically. If used, the ``selectable`` argument
|
|
must represent the full set of tables and columns mapped by every
|
|
mapped class. Otherwise, the unaccounted mapped columns will
|
|
result in their table being appended directly to the FROM clause
|
|
which will usually lead to incorrect results.
|
|
|
|
:param polymorphic_on: a column to be used as the "discriminator"
|
|
column for the given selectable. If not given, the polymorphic_on
|
|
attribute of the base classes' mapper will be used, if any. This
|
|
is useful for mappings that don't have polymorphic loading
|
|
behavior by default.
|
|
|
|
:param innerjoin: if True, an INNER JOIN will be used. This should
|
|
only be specified if querying for one specific subtype only
|
|
"""
|
|
primary_mapper = _class_to_mapper(base)
|
|
if _existing_alias:
|
|
assert _existing_alias.mapper is primary_mapper
|
|
classes = util.to_set(classes)
|
|
new_classes = set(
|
|
[mp.class_ for mp in _existing_alias.with_polymorphic_mappers]
|
|
)
|
|
if classes == new_classes:
|
|
return _existing_alias
|
|
else:
|
|
classes = classes.union(new_classes)
|
|
mappers, selectable = primary_mapper._with_polymorphic_args(
|
|
classes, selectable, innerjoin=innerjoin
|
|
)
|
|
if aliased or flat:
|
|
selectable = selectable.alias(flat=flat)
|
|
return AliasedClass(
|
|
base,
|
|
selectable,
|
|
with_polymorphic_mappers=mappers,
|
|
with_polymorphic_discriminator=polymorphic_on,
|
|
use_mapper_path=_use_mapper_path,
|
|
represents_outer_join=not innerjoin,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _orm_annotate(element, exclude=None):
|
|
"""Deep copy the given ClauseElement, annotating each element with the
|
|
"_orm_adapt" flag.
|
|
|
|
Elements within the exclude collection will be cloned but not annotated.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
return sql_util._deep_annotate(element, {"_orm_adapt": True}, exclude)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _orm_deannotate(element):
|
|
"""Remove annotations that link a column to a particular mapping.
|
|
|
|
Note this doesn't affect "remote" and "foreign" annotations
|
|
passed by the :func:`.orm.foreign` and :func:`.orm.remote`
|
|
annotators.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
return sql_util._deep_deannotate(
|
|
element, values=("_orm_adapt", "parententity")
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _orm_full_deannotate(element):
|
|
return sql_util._deep_deannotate(element)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class _ORMJoin(expression.Join):
|
|
"""Extend Join to support ORM constructs as input."""
|
|
|
|
__visit_name__ = expression.Join.__visit_name__
|
|
|
|
def __init__(
|
|
self,
|
|
left,
|
|
right,
|
|
onclause=None,
|
|
isouter=False,
|
|
full=False,
|
|
_left_memo=None,
|
|
_right_memo=None,
|
|
):
|
|
left_info = inspection.inspect(left)
|
|
left_orm_info = getattr(left, "_joined_from_info", left_info)
|
|
|
|
right_info = inspection.inspect(right)
|
|
adapt_to = right_info.selectable
|
|
|
|
self._joined_from_info = right_info
|
|
|
|
self._left_memo = _left_memo
|
|
self._right_memo = _right_memo
|
|
|
|
if isinstance(onclause, util.string_types):
|
|
onclause = getattr(left_orm_info.entity, onclause)
|
|
|
|
if isinstance(onclause, attributes.QueryableAttribute):
|
|
on_selectable = onclause.comparator._source_selectable()
|
|
prop = onclause.property
|
|
elif isinstance(onclause, MapperProperty):
|
|
prop = onclause
|
|
on_selectable = prop.parent.selectable
|
|
else:
|
|
prop = None
|
|
|
|
if prop:
|
|
if sql_util.clause_is_present(on_selectable, left_info.selectable):
|
|
adapt_from = on_selectable
|
|
else:
|
|
adapt_from = left_info.selectable
|
|
|
|
(
|
|
pj,
|
|
sj,
|
|
source,
|
|
dest,
|
|
secondary,
|
|
target_adapter,
|
|
) = prop._create_joins(
|
|
source_selectable=adapt_from,
|
|
dest_selectable=adapt_to,
|
|
source_polymorphic=True,
|
|
dest_polymorphic=True,
|
|
of_type_mapper=right_info.mapper,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
if sj is not None:
|
|
if isouter:
|
|
# note this is an inner join from secondary->right
|
|
right = sql.join(secondary, right, sj)
|
|
onclause = pj
|
|
else:
|
|
left = sql.join(left, secondary, pj, isouter)
|
|
onclause = sj
|
|
else:
|
|
onclause = pj
|
|
self._target_adapter = target_adapter
|
|
|
|
expression.Join.__init__(self, left, right, onclause, isouter, full)
|
|
|
|
if (
|
|
not prop
|
|
and getattr(right_info, "mapper", None)
|
|
and right_info.mapper.single
|
|
):
|
|
# if single inheritance target and we are using a manual
|
|
# or implicit ON clause, augment it the same way we'd augment the
|
|
# WHERE.
|
|
single_crit = right_info.mapper._single_table_criterion
|
|
if single_crit is not None:
|
|
if right_info.is_aliased_class:
|
|
single_crit = right_info._adapter.traverse(single_crit)
|
|
self.onclause = self.onclause & single_crit
|
|
|
|
def _splice_into_center(self, other):
|
|
"""Splice a join into the center.
|
|
|
|
Given join(a, b) and join(b, c), return join(a, b).join(c)
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
leftmost = other
|
|
while isinstance(leftmost, sql.Join):
|
|
leftmost = leftmost.left
|
|
|
|
assert self.right is leftmost
|
|
|
|
left = _ORMJoin(
|
|
self.left,
|
|
other.left,
|
|
self.onclause,
|
|
isouter=self.isouter,
|
|
_left_memo=self._left_memo,
|
|
_right_memo=other._left_memo,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
return _ORMJoin(
|
|
left,
|
|
other.right,
|
|
other.onclause,
|
|
isouter=other.isouter,
|
|
_right_memo=other._right_memo,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def join(
|
|
self,
|
|
right,
|
|
onclause=None,
|
|
isouter=False,
|
|
full=False,
|
|
join_to_left=None,
|
|
):
|
|
return _ORMJoin(self, right, onclause, full=full, isouter=isouter)
|
|
|
|
def outerjoin(self, right, onclause=None, full=False, join_to_left=None):
|
|
return _ORMJoin(self, right, onclause, isouter=True, full=full)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def join(
|
|
left, right, onclause=None, isouter=False, full=False, join_to_left=None
|
|
):
|
|
r"""Produce an inner join between left and right clauses.
|
|
|
|
:func:`.orm.join` is an extension to the core join interface
|
|
provided by :func:`.sql.expression.join()`, where the
|
|
left and right selectables may be not only core selectable
|
|
objects such as :class:`.Table`, but also mapped classes or
|
|
:class:`.AliasedClass` instances. The "on" clause can
|
|
be a SQL expression, or an attribute or string name
|
|
referencing a configured :func:`.relationship`.
|
|
|
|
:func:`.orm.join` is not commonly needed in modern usage,
|
|
as its functionality is encapsulated within that of the
|
|
:meth:`.Query.join` method, which features a
|
|
significant amount of automation beyond :func:`.orm.join`
|
|
by itself. Explicit usage of :func:`.orm.join`
|
|
with :class:`.Query` involves usage of the
|
|
:meth:`.Query.select_from` method, as in::
|
|
|
|
from sqlalchemy.orm import join
|
|
session.query(User).\
|
|
select_from(join(User, Address, User.addresses)).\
|
|
filter(Address.email_address=='foo@bar.com')
|
|
|
|
In modern SQLAlchemy the above join can be written more
|
|
succinctly as::
|
|
|
|
session.query(User).\
|
|
join(User.addresses).\
|
|
filter(Address.email_address=='foo@bar.com')
|
|
|
|
See :meth:`.Query.join` for information on modern usage
|
|
of ORM level joins.
|
|
|
|
.. deprecated:: 0.8
|
|
|
|
the ``join_to_left`` parameter is deprecated, and will be removed
|
|
in a future release. The parameter has no effect.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
return _ORMJoin(left, right, onclause, isouter, full)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def outerjoin(left, right, onclause=None, full=False, join_to_left=None):
|
|
"""Produce a left outer join between left and right clauses.
|
|
|
|
This is the "outer join" version of the :func:`.orm.join` function,
|
|
featuring the same behavior except that an OUTER JOIN is generated.
|
|
See that function's documentation for other usage details.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
return _ORMJoin(left, right, onclause, True, full)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def with_parent(instance, prop, from_entity=None):
|
|
"""Create filtering criterion that relates this query's primary entity
|
|
to the given related instance, using established :func:`.relationship()`
|
|
configuration.
|
|
|
|
The SQL rendered is the same as that rendered when a lazy loader
|
|
would fire off from the given parent on that attribute, meaning
|
|
that the appropriate state is taken from the parent object in
|
|
Python without the need to render joins to the parent table
|
|
in the rendered statement.
|
|
|
|
:param instance:
|
|
An instance which has some :func:`.relationship`.
|
|
|
|
:param property:
|
|
String property name, or class-bound attribute, which indicates
|
|
what relationship from the instance should be used to reconcile the
|
|
parent/child relationship.
|
|
|
|
:param from_entity:
|
|
Entity in which to consider as the left side. This defaults to the
|
|
"zero" entity of the :class:`.Query` itself.
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.2
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if isinstance(prop, util.string_types):
|
|
mapper = object_mapper(instance)
|
|
prop = getattr(mapper.class_, prop).property
|
|
elif isinstance(prop, attributes.QueryableAttribute):
|
|
prop = prop.property
|
|
|
|
return prop._with_parent(instance, from_entity=from_entity)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def has_identity(object_):
|
|
"""Return True if the given object has a database
|
|
identity.
|
|
|
|
This typically corresponds to the object being
|
|
in either the persistent or detached state.
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
:func:`.was_deleted`
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
state = attributes.instance_state(object_)
|
|
return state.has_identity
|
|
|
|
|
|
def was_deleted(object_):
|
|
"""Return True if the given object was deleted
|
|
within a session flush.
|
|
|
|
This is regardless of whether or not the object is
|
|
persistent or detached.
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
:attr:`.InstanceState.was_deleted`
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
state = attributes.instance_state(object_)
|
|
return state.was_deleted
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _entity_corresponds_to(given, entity):
|
|
"""determine if 'given' corresponds to 'entity', in terms
|
|
of an entity passed to Query that would match the same entity
|
|
being referred to elsewhere in the query.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if entity.is_aliased_class:
|
|
if given.is_aliased_class:
|
|
if entity._base_alias is given._base_alias:
|
|
return True
|
|
return False
|
|
elif given.is_aliased_class:
|
|
if given._use_mapper_path:
|
|
return entity in given.with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
else:
|
|
return entity is given
|
|
|
|
return entity.common_parent(given)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _entity_corresponds_to_use_path_impl(given, entity):
|
|
"""determine if 'given' corresponds to 'entity', in terms
|
|
of a path of loader options where a mapped attribute is taken to
|
|
be a member of a parent entity.
|
|
|
|
e.g.::
|
|
|
|
someoption(A).someoption(A.b) # -> fn(A, A) -> True
|
|
someoption(A).someoption(C.d) # -> fn(A, C) -> False
|
|
|
|
a1 = aliased(A)
|
|
someoption(a1).someoption(A.b) # -> fn(a1, A) -> False
|
|
someoption(a1).someoption(a1.b) # -> fn(a1, a1) -> True
|
|
|
|
wp = with_polymorphic(A, [A1, A2])
|
|
someoption(wp).someoption(A1.foo) # -> fn(wp, A1) -> False
|
|
someoption(wp).someoption(wp.A1.foo) # -> fn(wp, wp.A1) -> True
|
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if given.is_aliased_class:
|
|
return (
|
|
entity.is_aliased_class
|
|
and not entity._use_mapper_path
|
|
and (given is entity or given in entity._with_polymorphic_entities)
|
|
)
|
|
elif not entity.is_aliased_class:
|
|
return given.common_parent(entity.mapper)
|
|
else:
|
|
return (
|
|
entity._use_mapper_path
|
|
and given in entity.with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _entity_isa(given, mapper):
|
|
"""determine if 'given' "is a" mapper, in terms of the given
|
|
would load rows of type 'mapper'.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if given.is_aliased_class:
|
|
return mapper in given.with_polymorphic_mappers or given.mapper.isa(
|
|
mapper
|
|
)
|
|
elif given.with_polymorphic_mappers:
|
|
return mapper in given.with_polymorphic_mappers
|
|
else:
|
|
return given.isa(mapper)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def randomize_unitofwork():
|
|
"""Use random-ordering sets within the unit of work in order
|
|
to detect unit of work sorting issues.
|
|
|
|
This is a utility function that can be used to help reproduce
|
|
inconsistent unit of work sorting issues. For example,
|
|
if two kinds of objects A and B are being inserted, and
|
|
B has a foreign key reference to A - the A must be inserted first.
|
|
However, if there is no relationship between A and B, the unit of work
|
|
won't know to perform this sorting, and an operation may or may not
|
|
fail, depending on how the ordering works out. Since Python sets
|
|
and dictionaries have non-deterministic ordering, such an issue may
|
|
occur on some runs and not on others, and in practice it tends to
|
|
have a great dependence on the state of the interpreter. This leads
|
|
to so-called "heisenbugs" where changing entirely irrelevant aspects
|
|
of the test program still cause the failure behavior to change.
|
|
|
|
By calling ``randomize_unitofwork()`` when a script first runs, the
|
|
ordering of a key series of sets within the unit of work implementation
|
|
are randomized, so that the script can be minimized down to the
|
|
fundamental mapping and operation that's failing, while still reproducing
|
|
the issue on at least some runs.
|
|
|
|
This utility is also available when running the test suite via the
|
|
``--reversetop`` flag.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
from sqlalchemy.orm import unitofwork, session, mapper, dependency
|
|
from sqlalchemy.util import topological
|
|
from sqlalchemy.testing.util import RandomSet
|
|
|
|
topological.set = (
|
|
unitofwork.set
|
|
) = session.set = mapper.set = dependency.set = RandomSet
|